Kramer - His View and My Translation

1. is not simply a repudiation of modernism or its continuation, but has aspects of both a break and an extension

- ?

2. is, on some level and in some way, ironic

- sometimes funny in the way it twists things - controversial

3. does not respect boundaries between sonorities and procedures of the past and of the present

- there is no boundaries in post modern music - anything is possible

4. challenges barriers between 'high' and 'low' styles

- mixes genres together

5. shows disdain for the often unquestioned value of structural unity

- ?

6. questions the mutual exclusivity of elitist and populist values

- has people unsure of their views and has them questioning with their original values

7. avoids totalizing forms (e.g., does not want entire pieces to be tonal or serial or cast in a prescribed formal mold)

- wants every piece to be unique and not formed from another peice of work

8. considers music not as autonomous but as relevant to cultural, social, and political contexts

- music is used for more reasons than just enjoyment - to display morals and share views on society

9. includes quotations of or references to music of many traditions and cultures

- mixes many societies to create pieces that will appeal to people of many traditions and cultures.

10. considers technology not only as a way to preserve and transmit music but also as deeply implicated in the production and essence of music

- technology isnt just to save music and record onto, but to produce music that is unique to each individual due to its diversity

11. embraces contradictions

- welcomes irony and controversy

12. distrusts binary oppositions

- wont mix binary opposites

13. includes fragmentations and discontinuities

- ?

14. encompasses pluralism and eclecticism

-?

15. presents multiple meanings and multiple temporalities

- music isnt just to listen to, its to share many messages

16. locates meaning and even structure in listeners, more than in scores, performances, or composers

- hits the audience directly and makes them think about what theyve just listened to